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프론트엔드 스쿨 교안(1기)/
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CSS/
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19. SVG
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19. SVG

 
SVG란?SVG의 장점SVG의 단점HTML에 SVG를 적용하는 여러가지 방법들1. img 태그로 사용하기2. css background로 사용하기3. 인라인으로 구현하기SVG 이미지 최적화SVG를 CSS로 컨트롤 해보기 < 윙크하는 개구리 >전체 코드
 

SVG란?

확장 가능한 벡터 그래픽(scalable vector graphics)으로 XML 기반의 2차원 그래픽입니다. HTML 태그의 집합으로 이루어져 있습니다. 즉, css와 javascript로 컨트롤이 가능합니다.
 

SVG의 장점

아무리 확대를 해도 이미지가 깨지지 않습니다. 또한, 이미지의 크기를 키워도 용량이 늘어나지 않습니다.
 

SVG의 단점

코드로 이루어진 이미지이기 때문에 복잡한 이미지일수록 파일 사이즈가 커집니다. 단순한 모양일수록 효율이 좋습니다. 복잡한 이미지를 굳이 SVG로 표현하고자 하면 오히려 용량이 너무 거대해져 역효과가 날 수 있습니다. 그렇기 때문에 주로 단순한 아이콘, 로고, 도형 등을 구현할 때 많이 사용합니다.
 
** 사용해볼 실습 파일입니다. **
frog.svg.zip
2.3KB
notion image
 
 

HTML에 SVG를 적용하는 여러가지 방법들

기존에 가지고 있던 이미지를 아래와 같은 사이트에서 svg로 변환이 가능합니다.
PNG SVG 변환 (온라인 무료) - Convertio
PNG ● 수축은 무손실 압축 알고리즘을 사용 래스터 그래픽 데이터 저장 포맷이다. PNG는 GIF를 대체하는 자유 형식으로 작성되었습니다. 그레이 스케일 이미지, 컬러 인덱스 이미지와 컬러 이미지 : PNG는 래스터 이미지의 세 가지 주요 유형을 지원합니다. PNG 형식으로 저장 압축 된 형태의 그래픽 정보를 제공합니다.
PNG SVG 변환 (온라인 무료) - Convertio
https://convertio.co/kr/png-svg/

1. img 태그로 사용하기

src="" 속성값으로 svg 파일을 연결합니다.
 

2. css background로 사용하기

background-image 속성값으로 svg 파일을 연결합니다.
 

3. 인라인으로 구현하기

svg 파일의 코드를 그대로 html 코드 안에서 사용합니다.
 

SVG 이미지 최적화

svg 안의 코드를 최대한 압축하여 용량을 가볍게 만들 수 있습니다.
https://jakearchibald.github.io/svgomg/
notion image
하단에 얼마나 용량이 줄어드는지 보여줍니다.
 

SVG를 CSS로 컨트롤 해보기 < 윙크하는 개구리 >

 

전체 코드

아래 사이트에서 각 나라별 지도를 받아보실 수 있습니다.
Free SVG Maps - amCharts
All maps are available for free for non-commercial use under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. For commercial use please consider acquiring an amCharts 4 license.
Free SVG Maps - amCharts
https://www.amcharts.com/svg-maps/
아래처럼 사용하실 수 있습니다.
코로나19 바이러스 현황판
질병관리본부의 데이터에 근거하여 코로나19 바이러스 감염증에 대한 정보, 안내, 현황 및 확산 지도를 신속하게 전달합니다.
코로나19 바이러스 현황판
https://livecorona.co.kr/
코로나19 바이러스 현황판
 
위니브 개리의 캐릭터를 꾸며준 모습입니다. 이것을 통해 다양한 실습을 해보세요!
<img src="frog.svg" alt="">
.cont-svg {
    width: 100vw;
    height: 100vh;
    background: url(frog.svg) no-repeat 0 0;
    background-size: contain;
}
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            stroke="#1A1919" stroke-width="7.074" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" />
        <path
            d="M116.526 167.085c0 8.88-5.76 16.08-12.861 16.08-7.104 0-12.864-7.2-12.864-16.08 0-8.88 13.398-31.083 13.398-31.083s12.327 22.203 12.327 31.083"
            fill="#C9E8F2" />
        <path
            d="M116.526 167.085c0 8.88-5.76 16.08-12.861 16.08-7.104 0-12.864-7.2-12.864-16.08 0-8.88 13.398-31.083 13.398-31.083s12.327 22.203 12.327 31.083v0Z"
            stroke="#1A1919" stroke-width="7.074" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" />
        <path d="M529.278 289.875C515.403 306 530.529 324.501 552.528 324" stroke="#1A1919" stroke-width="5.844"
            stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" />
        <path d="M609.528 283.002c16.125 6.498 9.999 20.964 3.999 25.998" stroke="#1A1919" stroke-width="6.48"
            stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" />
        <path
            d="M581.421 283.671c7.503 1.605 12.891 5.862 13.089 11.058.171 4.5-2.232 10.146-9.381 11.025m-22.098 4.245c-9.375.375-15.096-5.766-15.378-11.124-.375-7.125 4.284-12.237 11.406-14.463l3.972 25.587Z"
            stroke="#1A1919" stroke-width="6.309" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" />
        <path d="M506.028 36v108m63.501 150.501V120v174.501Z" stroke="#1A1919" stroke-width="6.48"
            stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" />
        <path d="M573.03 324.999c9.378-.018 16.419-.681 24.501-5.499" stroke="#1A1919" stroke-width="5.844"
            stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" />
        <path
            d="m442.77 254.502-28.002 18.999m-233.997-3.999L208.77 280.5l-27.999-10.998Zm-38.001 48h39.999-39.999Zm99.999 60.999-25.998 23.001 25.998-23.001Zm81 3 6.999 39-6.999-39Zm77.001 0 33.999 24-33.999-24Z"
            stroke="#1A1919" stroke-width="6" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" />
        <path d="M254 136c0 16.016-13.208 29-29.5 29S195 152.016 195 136s13.208-29 29.5-29 29.5 12.984 29.5 29Z"
            fill="#fff" />
        <path d="M254 136c0 16.016-13.208 29-29.5 29S195 152.016 195 136s13.208-29 29.5-29 29.5 12.984 29.5 29Z"
            stroke="#000" />
        <ellipse cx="224.5" cy="136" rx="12.5" ry="12" fill="#000" />
        <path d="M383 129c0 16.016-13.208 29-29.5 29S324 145.016 324 129s13.208-29 29.5-29 29.5 12.984 29.5 29Z"
            fill="#fff" />
        <path d="M383 129c0 16.016-13.208 29-29.5 29S324 145.016 324 129s13.208-29 29.5-29 29.5 12.984 29.5 29Z"
            stroke="#000" />
        <ellipse class="eye-right" cx="353.5" cy="129" rx="12.5" ry="12" fill="#000" />
    </svg>
</body>

/** 적용 순서 **/
/* 1. 오른쪽 눈을 그리는 ellipses 요소에 class="eye-right" 클래스를 추가합니다. */
/* 2. 클래스에 애니메이션 속성을 작성해줍니다. */
/* 이때 transform-origin 으로 중심축을 설정해야합니다. 좌표는 ellipses 요소안의 cx="353.5" cy="129" 입니다. */

.eye-right {
    animation-duration: 0.5s;
    animation-name: blink;
    animation-direction: alternate;
    animation-iteration-count: infinite;
    transform-origin: 353.5px 129px;
}

@keyframes blink {
    to {
        transform: scaleY(0.1);
    }
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="ko">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>svg</title>
    <style>
        .eye-right {
            animation-duration: 0.5s;
            animation-name: blink;
            animation-direction: alternate;
            animation-iteration-count: infinite;
            transform-origin: 353.5px 129px;
        }

        @keyframes blink {
            to {
                transform: scaleY(0.1);
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <svg width="624" height="465" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
        <path
            d="m446.529 308.502 79.386-37.479c-37.824-34.863-111.48-58.521-196.146-58.521-123.264 0-223.191 50.142-223.191 112.002 0 61.857 99.927 112.002 223.191 112.002 94.674 0 175.575-29.586 208.011-71.334l-91.251-56.67Z"
            fill="#00A249" />
        <path
            d="m446.529 308.502 79.386-37.479c-37.824-34.863-111.48-58.521-196.146-58.521-123.264 0-223.191 50.142-223.191 112.002 0 61.857 99.927 112.002 223.191 112.002 94.674 0 175.575-29.586 208.011-71.334l-91.251-56.67Z"
            stroke="#1A1919" stroke-width="9" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" />
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            fill="#C9E8F2" />
        <path
            d="M518.526 189.084c0 8.88-5.76 16.08-12.861 16.08-7.104 0-12.864-7.2-12.864-16.08 0-8.88 13.398-31.083 13.398-31.083s12.327 22.203 12.327 31.083v0Z"
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        <path
            d="M116.526 167.085c0 8.88-5.76 16.08-12.861 16.08-7.104 0-12.864-7.2-12.864-16.08 0-8.88 13.398-31.083 13.398-31.083s12.327 22.203 12.327 31.083"
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        <path
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            stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" />
        <path
            d="M581.421 283.671c7.503 1.605 12.891 5.862 13.089 11.058.171 4.5-2.232 10.146-9.381 11.025m-22.098 4.245c-9.375.375-15.096-5.766-15.378-11.124-.375-7.125 4.284-12.237 11.406-14.463l3.972 25.587Z"
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            stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" />
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            stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" />
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            d="m442.77 254.502-28.002 18.999m-233.997-3.999L208.77 280.5l-27.999-10.998Zm-38.001 48h39.999-39.999Zm99.999 60.999-25.998 23.001 25.998-23.001Zm81 3 6.999 39-6.999-39Zm77.001 0 33.999 24-33.999-24Z"
            stroke="#1A1919" stroke-width="6" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" />
        <path d="M254 136c0 16.016-13.208 29-29.5 29S195 152.016 195 136s13.208-29 29.5-29 29.5 12.984 29.5 29Z"
            fill="#fff" />
        <path d="M254 136c0 16.016-13.208 29-29.5 29S195 152.016 195 136s13.208-29 29.5-29 29.5 12.984 29.5 29Z"
            stroke="#000" />
        <ellipse cx="224.5" cy="136" rx="12.5" ry="12" fill="#000" />
        <path d="M383 129c0 16.016-13.208 29-29.5 29S324 145.016 324 129s13.208-29 29.5-29 29.5 12.984 29.5 29Z"
            fill="#fff" />
        <path d="M383 129c0 16.016-13.208 29-29.5 29S324 145.016 324 129s13.208-29 29.5-29 29.5 12.984 29.5 29Z"
            stroke="#000" />
        <ellipse class="eye-right" cx="353.5" cy="129" rx="12.5" ry="12" fill="#000" />
    </svg>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="ko">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>gray</title>
    <style>
        .container {
            position: relative;
            margin-left: 50%;
            transform: translateX(-50%);
        }
        .왼쪽눈 {
            fill: brown;
        }
        .오른쪽눈{
            fill: brown;
        }
        .안경 .center{
            position: absolute;
            top: 86px;
            left: 133px;
            width: 12px;
            height: 10px;
            background: brown;
        }
        .안경 .right{
            transform: rotate(15deg);
            position: absolute;
            top: 86px;
            left: 210px;
            width: 50px;
            height: 10px;
            background: brown;
            border: 1px solid brown;
            border-radius: 10px;
        }
        .안경 .left{
            transform: rotate(15deg);
            position: absolute;
            top: 80px;
            left: 30px;
            width: 30px;
            height: 10px;
            background: brown;
            border: 1px solid brown;
            border-radius: 10px;
        }
        /* 연습용 코드 */
        .연습 {
            /* 기울임 */
            transform: skew(30deg);
            /* 크기 변환 */
            transform: scale(2);
            /* 이동 x축 y축  */
            transform: translate(20px, 30px);
            transform: scale(2) translate(20px, 30px) rotate(30deg);
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="안경">
            <div class="left"></div>
            <div class="center"></div>
            <div class="right"></div>
        </div>
        <svg version="1.0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
        width="211.000000pt" height="240.000000pt" viewBox="0 0 211.000000 240.000000"
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        </svg>
    </div>
    
</body>
</html>